What are the main differences between screw air compressors and piston air compressors?

What is the difference between screw air compressors and piston air compressors? To explain clearly, it is necessary to analyse the basic principles, advantages and disadvantages of screw air compressors and piston air compressors in detail. By understanding their structure, working principles, and comparing their advantages and disadvantages, we can clearly understand the differences between screw air compressors and piston air compressors.

Working principle and advantages and disadvantages of screw air compressors:

Working principle of screw air compressor:

A screw air compressor is an air compressor that pressurizes gas through the mechanical movement of the master and slave screws. Its working principle can be summarized as the following main steps:

1. Inhalation: The intake valve of the screw air compressor is opened, and the air pressure in the screw compression chamber is lower than atmospheric pressure. The air is filtered out of impurities and pollutants by the filtering device and then sucked into the compression chamber.

2. Compression: When two screws rotate, the air is limited by the gap between the shell of the compression chamber and the rotating screw. The interaction between the gear and rack will cause the gas between the rotating screws to be compressed, and the air pressure and temperature inside the cavity will gradually increase.

3. Exhaust: After the gas is compressed to meet the pressure standard, it will be discharged through the outlet valve. During the exhaust process, the air is cooled by a cooler and separated from the sediment by a separator.

4. Circulation: During the operation of a screw air compressor, gas will circulate and flow in the compression chamber, and after being cooled by a gas cooler, it will enter the screw compression chamber again for compression.

Advantages of screw air compressors:

1. Higher efficiency: Screw compressors have higher efficiency than piston compressors and can operate continuously at full load.

2. Low noise and vibration: Screw compressors operate quieter and produce less vibration than piston compressors.

3. High gas production: The screw type air compressor has a larger size than the piston type air compressor and can be used for continuous and heavy-duty applications, with a gas production capacity of up to 50m ³/ Min.

4. The screw is not easily worn: due to the lack of direct contact between the female and male rotors, its service life is longer.

Disadvantages of screw air compressors:

1. High cost: Screw compressors are more expensive than piston compressors.

2. Not suitable for intermittent use: Screw type air compressors are not suitable for intermittent use and should operate continuously.

3. Larger size: The screw type air compressor has a larger size and may not be suitable for use in small spaces.

4. Complex design: The design of screw compressors is more complex than piston compressors, making them more difficult to repair and maintain.

Working principle and advantages and disadvantages of piston air compressor:

Working principle of piston air compressor:

It uses a crank connecting rod mechanism to transform the rotational motion of the prime mover into a linear reciprocating motion of the piston, and uses the automatic opening and closing of the inlet and outlet valves to suck in, compress, and exhaust gas. Due to the outdated method used, the gas contains a large amount of oil, which is not suitable for industries with high gas accuracy requirements. Additionally, there are also problems such as high noise, gas pulse, and easy damage to the main engine.

Advantages of piston air compressors:

1. Low cost: piston compressors are usually cheaper than screw compressors.

2. Suitable for intermittent use: The piston type air compressor is suitable for intermittent use and can be turned off when not in use.

3. Easy to maintain: The piston air compressor has a simple design and is easy to maintain.

4. Compact size: The piston air compressor has multiple sizes to choose from, suitable for use in narrow spaces.

5. High pressure output: The piston type air compressor can generate high pressure output, making it suitable for a wide range of applications.

Disadvantages of piston air compressors:

1. Noise operation: Due to the reciprocating motion of the piston, the piston type air compressor produces more noise than the screw type air compressor.

2. High vibration: The piston type air compressor produces greater vibration than the screw type air compressor, which can cause wear and tear on the air compressor and other equipment.

3. Limited capacity: The capacity of piston type air compressors is limited and not suitable for continuous or heavy-duty use.

4. Easy to wear and tear: The uneven reciprocating motion of the piston rod causes rapid wear and is often prone to damage

In summary, both piston air compressors and screw air compressors have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice between them depends on the specific requirements of the application.

JOY MACHINERY always adheres to the corporate vision of "building a leading brand of oil-free air compressors in the world", and hopes to provide high-quality, clean and safe air for food, beverage and other production enterprises on the road of oil-free air compressor research and development, production and sales. Source protection, and also contribute a little bit to people's health and safety.

JOY MACHINERY oil-free air compressor series is widely used in the food and beverage processing industry due to its clean air source and continuous and stable gas transmission. If you have any needs, please contact us! JOY Machinery (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. has a professional design team with rich experience and welcomes customization. Diversified products can meet most applications and meet your one-stop shopping needs. The air compressor series includes power frequency screw air compressors, variable frequency screw air compressors, permanent magnet variable frequency screw air compressors, two-stage compression screw air compressors, integrated screw air compressors, laser cutting air compressors, medium and high pressure air compressors. Air compressors, oil-free water-lubricated screw air compressors (special oil-free screw air compressors for the medical industry), diesel-moving screw air compressors, electric-moving screw air compressors and other products.

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